{"id":6940,"date":"2025-05-30T06:30:39","date_gmt":"2025-05-30T03:30:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/drhasankasap.com\/?p=6940"},"modified":"2025-09-02T00:52:37","modified_gmt":"2025-09-01T21:52:37","slug":"kalp-hastaliklarinda-belirtiler-sikayetler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/drhasankasap.com\/index.php\/2025\/05\/30\/kalp-hastaliklarinda-belirtiler-sikayetler\/","title":{"rendered":"Kalp Hastal\u0131klar\u0131nda Belirtiler-\u015eikayetler"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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\u00a0<\/h4>\n

KALP HASTALIKLARINDA BEL\u0130RT\u0130LER-\u015e\u0130KAYETLER<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
\u00a0<\/h6>\n
\u201cKalp-Damar Hastal\u0131klar\u0131na Genel Bak\u0131\u015f\u201d<\/a> adl\u0131 yaz\u0131m\u0131zda da belirtti\u011fim gibi, kalp-damar hastal\u0131klar\u0131 d\u00fcnya \u00fczerindeki t\u00fcm \u00f6l\u00fcmlerin bir numaral\u0131 sebebidir. Sadece \u00f6l\u00fcmlerin de\u011fil, ya\u015fam kalitesini k\u0131s\u0131tlayan sebeplerin de ba\u015f\u0131nda gelir. Kalp hastal\u0131klar\u0131 m\u00e2lesef kronik ilereyici hastal\u0131klard\u0131r ve olu\u015ftu\u011funda \u00e7o\u011fu zaman geriye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f yoktur.\u00a0\u00a0Bu nedenle hastal\u0131\u011fa g\u00f6t\u00fcrebilecek risk fakt\u00f6rlerini bilmek, bu fakt\u00f6rleri ortadan kald\u0131rmak ya da kontrol alt\u0131na almak, bir sonraki a\u015famada ise hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n belirtilerinin fark\u0131nda olarak erken te\u015fhis edilmesini sa\u011flamak, kalp hastal\u0131klar\u0131 ile bireysel m\u00fccadelede en kritik ilk iki ad\u0131md\u0131r.\u00a0\u00a0<\/h6>\n
\u00a0<\/h6>\n
\u015eikayetlerin neler olabilece\u011fine ge\u00e7meden evvel belirtmem gereken \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli \u00fc\u00e7 nokta var.<\/h6>\n
\u00a0<\/h6>\n
1.) A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u015fikayetlerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 her zaman bir kalp hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 i\u015faret etmez<\/h6>\n
2.) \u015eikayetlerin \u015fiddeti her zaman hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u015fiddetini i\u015faret etmez.<\/h6>\n
3.) \u015eikayetin olmamas\u0131 hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelmez.\u00a0\u00a0<\/h6>\n
\u00a0<\/h6>\n
Yani; \u00e7ok rahats\u0131z edici \u015fikayetleri olan birinde hi\u00e7 hastal\u0131k olmayabilirken, hi\u00e7 \u015fikayeti olmayan ya da \u00e7ok hafif \u015fikayetleri olan birinde hayat\u0131 tehdit edebilecek kadar \u015fiddetli bir hastal\u0131k bulunuyor olabilir. \u00d6zellikle de a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 sigara-alkol kulananlarda ve diyabet (\u015feker) hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi a\u011fr\u0131 alg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 beyne ileten sinirlerde tahribat (n\u00f6ropati) yapan hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 bulunanlarda a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131z kalp hastal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fclme s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olduk\u00e7a fazlad\u0131r.<\/h6>\n
\u00a0<\/h6>\n
Kalp Hastal\u0131klar\u0131nda en s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclen \u015fikayetler:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/h6>\n
1.) G\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 5. Bay\u0131lma, Senkop\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/h6>\n
2.) Nefes darl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 6. \u00d6dem, bacaklarda \u015fi\u015flik<\/span><\/h6>\n
3.) \u00c7arp\u0131nt\u0131\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a07. Ellerde dudaklarda morarma, siyanoz<\/h6>\n
4.) Halsizlik, Yorgunluk\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a08. \u00d6ks\u00fcr\u00fck<\/h6>\n

\u00a0<\/h3>\n

G\u00d6\u011e\u00dcS A\u011eRISI (<\/span><\/strong>ANJ\u0130NA PEKTOR\u0130S)<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n
\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n
\"\"<\/a><\/strong>Latince \u201cangina (=bo\u011faz enfeksiyonu)\u201d, Yunanca \u201cankhone (=bo\u011fulma)\u00a0 ve Latince \u201cpectus (=g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs) kelimelerinden t\u00fcretilen, \u201cg\u00f6\u011f\u00fcste bo\u011fulma, s\u0131k\u0131\u015fma hissi\u201d olarak T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019ye \u00e7evirebilece\u011fimiz Angina Pectoris kavram\u0131, t\u0131bb\u00ee terminolojide kalp a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 anlam\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131r. T\u0131pk\u0131 Naz\u0131m Hikmet\u2019in yandaki Angina Pektoris \u015fiirindeki gibi… (okumak i\u00e7in resme tklay\u0131n\u0131z)<\/h6>\n
\u00a0<\/h6>\n
Angina Pektoris \u015fu durumlarda olabilir.<\/strong>\u00a0<\/h6>\n
\u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \n
  1. \n
    Kalp damarlar\u0131nda (koroner damarlarda) daralma varsa:\u00a0<\/strong> Egzersiz-stres gibi kalbin h\u0131zland\u0131\u011f\u0131, daha kuvvetli kas\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla daha fazla enerjiye-oksijene ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu durumlarda, daralm\u0131\u015f damardan gelebilen kan\u0131n, kalp kas\u0131n\u0131n ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layamamas\u0131yla\u2026\u00a0<\/h6>\n<\/li>\n
  2. \n
    Kalp damarlar\u0131nda tam t\u0131kan\u0131kl\u0131k:<\/strong> Kalp kas\u0131n\u0131n hi\u00e7 beslenememesi angina pektorise sebep olur. Bu beslenememe durumu yeterince uzun s\u00fcrer ise kalp krizi (infarkt\u00fcs) ile sonu\u00e7lan\u0131r.\u00a0<\/h6>\n<\/li>\n
  3. \n
    Kalp damarlar\u0131nda spazm:<\/strong> Koroner damarlar\u0131n duvar\u0131nda d\u00fcz kas olarak adland\u0131ralan istemsiz \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan kaslar vard\u0131r. Bu kaslar\u0131n stres, so\u011fuk ve baz\u0131 ila\u00e7lar gibi tetikleyici fakt\u00f6rlerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda aniden kas\u0131lmas\u0131 da kalp kaslar\u0131na giden kan miktar\u0131n\u0131 azaltaca\u011f\u0131ndan angina pectorise hatta uzun s\u00fcrerse kalp krizine bile sebep olabilir.\u00a0<\/h6>\n<\/li>\n
  4. \n
    Endotel fonksiyon bozuklu\u011fu :<\/strong> Koroner damarlar\u0131n i\u00e7 y\u00fczeyini d\u00f6\u015feyen, endotel denen \u00e7ok ince bir tabaka vard\u0131r. Bu tabaka tabiri caizse kaliteli bir asfalt gibi \u00fczerindeki trafi\u011fin h\u0131zla akmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Ayn\u0131 zamanda salg\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131 maddelerle damarlar\u0131 geni\u015fletir, kan ak\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131r. Bu tabakan\u0131n fonsiyonlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli sebeplerle bozulmas\u0131 da kan ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 yava\u015flataca\u011f\u0131ndan, kan ak\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 azaltaca\u011f\u0131ndan yine kalp kas\u0131n\u0131n beslenmesi bozulabilir ve angina pectoris\u00a0 olu\u015fabilir.\u00a0<\/h6>\n<\/li>\n
  5. \n
    Kalbi besleyen damarlar normal olsa da, kalbe oksijeni ta\u015f\u0131yan sistemlerde bir aksakl\u0131k olu\u015fturan (\u00f6zellikle solunum sistemi hastal\u0131klar\u0131, hipoksi ve kan azl\u0131\u011f\u0131na-anemiye neden olan) durumlar, aort darl\u0131\u011f\u0131, aort yetersizli\u011fi gibi kapak hastal\u0131klar\u0131 ve kalpten kan\u0131n \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 engelleyen a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 kas kal\u0131nla\u015fmalar\u0131 (hipertrofik obstr\u00fcktif kardiyomiyopati)\u00a0 ve ciddi hipertansiyon sonu\u00e7ta yine kalp kas\u0131n\u0131n beslenmesini bozarak angina pectorise yol a\u00e7abilir.\u00a0<\/h6>\n<\/li>\n
  6. \n
    Sayd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z sebeplerden bir ka\u00e7\u0131 bir arada bulunarak angina pektorise sebep olabilir.\u00a0\u00d6zetlersek ; kalp kaslar\u0131nda oksijen arz-talep dengesini bozan her durum angina pektorise sebep olabilir.\u00a0Ba\u015flarken belirtti\u011fim gibi, her g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 kalp kaynakl\u0131 de\u011fildir. Bir\u00e7ok farkl\u0131 sebep g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131na sebep olabilir. Kalbe ba\u011fl\u0131 a\u011fr\u0131 yani angina pektorisin\u00a0 \u00f6zelliklerini bilirsek, di\u011ferlerinden ay\u0131rtetmek kolayla\u015f\u0131r.\u00a0<\/h6>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n

    Angina Pektoris\u2019in \u00f6zellikleri:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/h4>\n
    \u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n
    1.) Ba\u015flatan Sebepler :<\/strong> Angina pektoris genellikle eforla, a\u011f\u0131r bir yemekle,\u00a0 so\u011fu\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcmekle, ve ani streslerle (\u00fcz\u00fcnt\u00fc, heyecan, sinirlenme) tetiklenir. \u0130stirahatte gelen angina pektoris s\u0131kl\u0131kla daha ciddi bir kalp problemine; kalp krizine ya da kalp krizi tehditine i\u015faret edebilir.\u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \"\"2.) Yerle\u015fim Yeri ve Yay\u0131l\u0131m\u0131:<\/strong> Genellikle g\u00f6\u011fs\u00fcn ortas\u0131nda, g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs kemi\u011finin (sternum, iman tahtas\u0131n\u0131n) arkas\u0131nda veya hafif solunda, bazen de hemen mide \u00fczerinde (epigastrium) ba\u015flayan, sol g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs b\u00f6lgesi ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere t\u00fcm g\u00f6\u011fse, alt \u00e7eneye,s\u0131rta, mide \u00fczerine, daha s\u0131kl\u0131kla sol olmak \u00fczere omuz ve kollara yay\u0131l\u0131r.\u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    3.) Karakteri:<\/strong> Hastalar taraf\u0131ndan genellikle bask\u0131, a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k, bo\u011fulma, daralma, s\u0131k\u0131\u015fma, ezilme, yanma kelimeleri ile ifade edilen bir a\u011fr\u0131d\u0131r.\u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    4.) S\u00fcresi :<\/strong> Tetikleyici fakt\u00f6rlerle ba\u015flayan angina pektoris, bu tetikleyiciler ortadan kalkt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda dakikalarla ifade edilen bir s\u00fcrede ortadan kaybolur. En s\u0131kl\u0131kla, efor sarfederken, \u00f6zellikle yoku\u015f yukar\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcrken gelen tipik angina pektoris, dinlenmekle 3-5 dakika i\u00e7inde rahatlar. Daha nadiren de y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn ilk dakikalar\u0131nda gelen a\u011fr\u0131, y\u00fcr\u00fcmeye devam ettik\u00e7e v\u00fccudun \u0131s\u0131nmas\u0131yla (egzersize adaptasyonla) dinlenmeye gerek kalmadan rahatlayabilir. Son zamanlarda ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f, 10 dakikadan uzun s\u00fcren, dinlenmekle ge\u00e7meyen ya da tetikleyici fakt\u00f6r olmaks\u0131z\u0131n istirahatte ba\u015flayan g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs a\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131 ciddi bir kalp problemine i\u015faret ediyor olabilir.\u00a0\u00a0\u00d6zetle, daha \u00f6nce olmayan, yeni farkedilen ya da \u00f6nceden bilinmesine ra\u011fmen \u015fiddet-s\u00fcre yay\u0131l\u0131m olarak karakter de\u011fi\u015ftiren, g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs \u00fczerinde, daha \u00e7ok g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs ortas\u0131 ve solunda, sol omuza sol kola (daha nadiren sa\u011fa) ve alt \u00e7eneye yay\u0131labilen, istirahatte de olabilmekle beraber genellikle eforla gelen, dinlenmek zorunda b\u0131rakan, 3-5 dk s\u00fcreli \u00a0bask\u0131, s\u0131k\u0131\u015fma, ezilme, yanma, a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k hissi tarz\u0131nda a\u011fr\u0131lar ANJ\u0130NA PEKTOR\u0130S olabilir ve\u00a0 hemen bir kardiyolo\u011fa ba\u015fvurmay\u0131 gerektirir.<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n

    Angina Pektoris ile Kar\u0131\u015fabilecek Di\u011fer G\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs A\u011fr\u0131s\u0131\u00a0 Nedenleri:\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n
    \u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
    Aort Y\u0131rt\u0131lmas\u0131 (Disseksiyonu) :<\/strong> En acil t\u0131bbi durumlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda gelir. G\u00f6\u011fs\u00fcn ortas\u0131nda ama daha \u00e7ok da s\u0131rtta hissedilen \u201cy\u0131rt\u0131l\u0131r\u201d tarzda ani ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7l\u0131 bir a\u011fr\u0131ya sebep olur. \u0130stirahatte ya da eforla ba\u015flayabilir, uzun s\u00fcrelidir. A\u011fr\u0131yla birlikte hastada terleme, morarma, tansiyon d\u00fc\u015fmesi, fenal\u0131k hissi, bayg\u0131nl\u0131k olabilir.\u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    Kalp Zar\u0131 \u0130ltihaplar\u0131 (Perikardit) :<\/strong> Nefes al\u0131p vermekle, g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs hareketleriyle artar. S\u0131rt \u00fcst\u00fc yat\u0131nca artmas\u0131, \u00f6ne do\u011fru e\u011filince hafiflemesi tipik \u00f6zelli\u011fidir.. Genellikle ate\u015f, nefes darl\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00e7arp\u0131nt\u0131yla birlikte g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.\u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    Akci\u011fer Kaynakl\u0131 A\u011fr\u0131lar :<\/strong> Ana akci\u011fer damar\u0131 ve dallar\u0131n\u0131n p\u0131ht\u0131yla t\u0131kanmas\u0131 durumu olan Pulmoner Emboli, g\u00f6\u011fs\u00fcn ortas\u0131nda \u015fiddetli bir a\u011fr\u0131ya neden olur. Tabloya \u00f6ks\u00fcr\u00fck, kanl\u0131 balgam, \u00e7arp\u0131nt\u0131 ve morarma e\u015flik edebilir. Akci\u011fer zar\u0131 iltihaplar\u0131 (Plevrit), akci\u011fer zar\u0131 y\u0131rt\u0131lmalar\u0131 (pn\u00f6motoraks) ve akci\u011fer enfeksiyonlar\u0131 (pn\u00f6moni) da g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131na neden olabilir.\u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    Mide ve Yemek Borusu (\u00f6zefagus) Hastal\u0131klar\u0131\u00a0 : <\/strong>En s\u0131k mide asidinin yenek borusuna ka\u00e7mas\u0131 olarak tarifleyebilece\u011fimiz Gastro\u00f6zefagial Reflu Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs kemi\u011finin arkad\u0131nda yanma hissine neden olarak angina pektoris ile kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Bunun yan\u0131nda \u00f6zefagus spazm\u0131 ya da y\u0131rt\u0131lmas\u0131, gastrit ve mide \u00fclseri de g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131na neden olabilir.\u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    Kas-\u0130skelet Sistemi ve \u0130li\u015fkili Hastal\u0131klar :<\/strong> Kas spazmlar\u0131, sinir s\u0131k\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, boyun f\u0131t\u0131klar\u0131, omuz eklemini ilgilendiren hastal\u0131klar, boyun ve g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs omurlar\u0131n\u0131n tutan dejeneratif-iltihab\u00ee hastal\u0131klar, Herpes-Zoster enfeksiyonu gibi durumlar da s\u0131kl\u0131kla g\u00f6\u011fs\u00fc ve kollar\u0131 ilgilendiren a\u011fr\u0131lar yaparak angina pektoris ile kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilir.\u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    Psikojenik A\u011fr\u0131lar :<\/strong> Gen\u00e7 ya\u015f grubunda belki de en s\u0131k g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 sebebidirler. Kronik anksiyete, stres bozukluklar\u0131, panik bozukluk gibi durumlar g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 alg\u0131s\u0131na sebep olabilir.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/h6>\n

    \u00a0<\/h3>\n

    NEFES DARLI\u011eI (D\u0130SPNE) ve ERKEN YORULMA<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
    \u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
    \u00a0Nefes darl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ne oldu\u011funa, kalple ili\u015fkisine ve di\u011fer nedenlerine ge\u00e7meden \u00f6nce, \u201cnefes almak ger\u00e7ekte nedir?\u201d<\/strong> sorusunu cevaplayal\u0131m.\u00a0\u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    Oksijen havada bulunan ve t\u00fcm ya\u015famsal faaaliyetlerimiz gereken hayati bir molek\u00fcld\u00fcr. V\u00fccudun enerji metabolizmas\u0131 i\u00e7in vazge\u00e7ilmezdir, olmazsa olmazd\u0131r. Mesela beynimiz oksijensizli\u011fe sadece 3-5 dakika dayanabilir. Kalp kaslar\u0131 ise oksijensiz kald\u0131klar\u0131nda saatler i\u00e7inde geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fs\u00fcz bir hasara u\u011frarlar (infarkt\u00fcs).\u00a0\u00a0\u0130\u015fte nefes almak asl\u0131nda havadan oksijeni almakt\u0131r. Bu i\u015f beyin, sinirler, hormonlar, diyafram kas\u0131,\u00a0 g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs duvar\u0131nda yer alan solunum kaslar\u0131, \u00fcst ve alt solunum yollar\u0131, akci\u011ferler ve akci\u011fer zarlar\u0131n\u0131n rol ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 olduk\u00e7a kompleks-karma\u015f\u0131k mekanizmalar zincirinin ahenkle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 ile ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131r.<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n

    \"\"<\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    Oksijen akci\u011ferlere al\u0131nd\u0131ktan sonra, burda \u00e7ok ince ge\u00e7irgen zarlardan kan damarlar\u0131na girer ve k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 kan h\u00fccreleri\u00a0 (alyuvarlar) vas\u0131tas\u0131 ile kalbe, oradan da t\u00fcm v\u00fccuda ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Olay\u0131n bu k\u0131sm\u0131 \u201cdola\u015f\u0131m\u201dsistemi olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r ancak oksijenin yolculu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bakarsak; solunum ve dola\u015f\u0131m birbirine ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 ve birbirinin devam\u0131 iki mekanizmad\u0131r.\u00a0Solunum ve dola\u015f\u0131m\u0131n herhangi bir noktas\u0131ndaki aksamalar, bozukluklar, hastal\u0131klar, nefes darl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve erken yorulma olarak kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kabilir.\u00a0\u00a0(Her ne kadar \u201cnefes darl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d ve \u201cerken yorulma-yorgunluk\u201d\u00a0 s\u0131kl\u0131kla beraber g\u00f6r\u00fclseler de sebep, sonu\u00e7 ve yakla\u015f\u0131m olarak birbirlerinden ayr\u0131 durumlard\u0131r. Bu ayr\u0131m daha ziyade akademik bir konu oldu\u011fundan burada de\u011finmemeyi tercih ediyorum.)\u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    Bu \u00f6n a\u00e7\u0131klamalardan sonra \u201cNefes Darl\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedir?\u201d<\/strong> sorusuna ge\u00e7ebiliriz.\u00a0\u00a0Nefes al\u0131p verme i\u015fi, beynimizdeki solunum merkezimiz taraf\u0131ndan ritmik olarak ayarlanan, \u00f6zellikle dikkatimizi y\u00f6neltmedik\u00e7e pek fark\u0131na varmad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z, kendili\u011finden y\u00fcr\u00fcyen bir olayd\u0131r.\u00a0 Nefes darl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (dispne), nefesin \u00f6zel \u00e7aba gerektirecek, fak\u0131nda olunacak kadar zorlu, yorucu ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fckle ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilebilmesi halidir.\u00a0\u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    Kalp Kaynakl\u0131 Nefes Darl\u0131\u011f\u0131 :\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0Kalp kaynakl\u0131 nefes darl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ana mekanizma \u00e7ok basitle\u015ftirilmi\u015f olarak ifade edersek, kalbin pompalay\u0131p ileri herhangi bir sebeple g\u00f6nderemedi\u011fi kan\u0131n akci\u011ferlere do\u011fru geri ka\u00e7mas\u0131(=staz)d\u0131r.<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    Daha kolay anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u015fekilde de inceleyebilece\u011finiz \u00fczere, kan\u0131n \u015f\u00f6yle bir yolculu\u011fu vard\u0131r:<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \"\"<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    V\u00fccutta kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f kan \u2014>\u00a0 Sa\u011f kulak\u00e7\u0131k \u2014> Kalbin gev\u015feyip kan\u0131 i\u00e7ine \u00e7ekmesi ile \u201cSa\u011f kar\u0131nc\u0131k\u201da kan dolu\u015fu \u2014> Kalbin pompalamas\u0131 ile kan\u0131n akci\u011fere gidi\u015fi \u2014> Akci\u011ferlerde temizlenen kan\u0131n \u201cSol kulak\u00e7\u0131k\u201da d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc \u2014> Kalbin gev\u015femesi ile Mitral kapa\u011f\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131larak kan\u0131n \u201cSol Kar\u0131nc\u0131\u201d\u011fa dolu\u015fu \u2014> Kalbin pompalamas\u0131 ile Aort Ka\u011fa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 ile v\u00fccuda g\u00f6nderili\u015fi.<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u0130lk defa \u0130bn\u2019\u00fcn Nefis<\/a> taraf\u0131ndan tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f olan bu d\u00f6ng\u00fcye \u201cK\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Dola\u015f\u0131m\u201d denir.\u00a0Bu ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n herhangi bir noktada engelle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131 ya da ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 tersine d\u00f6nd\u00fcren olaylar, engelin oldu\u011fu noktan\u0131n hemen gerisindeki alanda ba\u015flamak \u00fczere zamanla daha arkadaki alanlara do\u011fru ilerleyen bir bas\u0131n\u00e7 ve vol\u00fcm art\u0131\u015f\u0131 ile sonu\u00e7lan\u0131r.\u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u015e\u00f6yle d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnelim:<\/strong>\u00a0 Nehir kenar\u0131na kurulmu\u015f bir k\u00f6y, nehrin a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131nda bir baraj, baraj\u0131n her zaman belli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde su ge\u00e7i\u015fine izin veren bir kapa\u011f\u0131 olsun. Normal \u015fartlarda nehir kenar\u0131ndaki k\u00f6yde s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 olmaz. Ancak baraj kapaklar\u0131 s\u00fcrekli kapal\u0131 kal\u0131r ve su ge\u00e7i\u015fine izin vermezse, baraj\u0131n gerisinde kalan alanlarda su seviyesi y\u00fckselmeye ba\u015flar ve bu uzun s\u00fcrerse daha arkadaki k\u00f6y\u00fc su basar.\u00a0\u0130\u015fte bu k\u00f6y\u00fc akci\u011ferlerimiz,\u00a0 baraj\u0131 da kalbimiz olarak hayal edelim. Herhangi bir sebeple baraj, suyu gerekti\u011fi gibi g\u00f6nderemezse k\u00f6y\u00fc su basaca\u011f\u0131 gibi, kalbimiz de herhangi bir \u015fekilde kan\u0131 ileriye g\u00f6nderemezse, gerideki akci\u011ferlerimizi su basar, yani akci\u011fer \u00f6demi olu\u015fur. Bu da akci\u011ferin hava ile dolma ve oksijeni kana kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma kapasitesini azaltaca\u011f\u0131ndan nefes darl\u0131\u011f\u0131na neden olur.\u00a0Kalbi h\u0131zland\u0131ran durumlarda (yani yine benzetirsek, bahar aylar\u0131nda karlar\u0131n erimesi ile co\u015fan bir nehirde ayn\u0131 baraj kapa\u011f\u0131 problemi varsa k\u00f6y\u00fc daha kolay su basaca\u011f\u0131 gibi ) nefes darl\u0131\u011f\u0131 daha belirgin olur.\u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n

    Kalbe ba\u011fl\u0131 nefes darl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131kl\u0131kla nedenleri:\u00a0<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0<\/h4>\n
    \u00a0<\/div>\n
    \"\"Kalp Yetersizli\u011fi :<\/strong> Kalp kas\u0131n\u0131n pompalama g\u00fcc\u00fcnde herhangi bir sebeple olu\u015fan kay\u0131p, \u201cKalp Yetersizli\u011fi\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Kalp kan\u0131 ileriye (v\u00fccuda) g\u00f6nderemeyece\u011fi i\u00e7in, geriye do\u011fru akci\u011ferlere do\u011fru biriken kan nefes darl\u0131\u011f\u0131na sebep olur. Kalp kas\u0131nda g\u00fc\u00e7 kayb\u0131 bir\u00e7ok nedene ba\u011fl\u0131 olabilirken, en s\u0131kl\u0131kla koroner damar hastal\u0131klar\u0131nda kalbin yeterince beslenememesi ve kapak hastal\u0131klar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 kalbin geni\u015flemesi ve elastikiyetinin kayb\u0131 sonucunda olu\u015fur.\u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    Kapak Hastal\u0131klar\u0131:<\/strong> Kalbin i\u00e7inde h\u0131zla akan kan\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken kapaklar a\u00e7\u0131lmazsa (en s\u0131k Mitral Kapak Darl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve\u00a0 Aort Kapak Darl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ) ya da kan\u0131n ters y\u00f6ne ka\u00e7mas\u0131na izin vermemek i\u00e7in kapanmas\u0131 gereken kapaklar kapanmazsa (en s\u0131k Mitral Kapak Yetersizli\u011fi ve Aort Kapak Yetersizli\u011fi) kan yine akci\u011ferlerde bas\u0131n\u00e7 ve vol\u00fcm art\u0131\u015f\u0131na neden olarak nefes darl\u0131\u011f\u0131na sebep olur.\u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    Kalp Zar\u0131 Hastal\u0131klar\u0131:<\/strong> Zarlar aras\u0131na a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 s\u0131v\u0131 birikmesi (tamponad)\u00a0 ya da yap\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131klar olmas\u0131 durumunda kalp yeterince geni\u015fleyip i\u00e7ine yeterince kan alamayaca\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in kalp yetersizli\u011fi ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla nefes darl\u0131\u011f\u0131 geli\u015fir.\u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    Koroner Damarlar Hastal\u0131klar\u0131:<\/strong> Kalp damarlar\u0131n\u0131n daralma ve t\u0131kanmas\u0131 ile olu\u015fan anjina pektoris (ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar i\u00e7in t\u0131klay\u0131n\u0131z) , bazen nefes darl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak alg\u0131lanabilir. Bu t\u00fcr nefes darl\u0131\u011f\u0131 “angina e\u015fde\u011feri” olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca yine kalp kas\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0 beslenememesine ba\u011fl\u0131 olu\u015fan pompalama yetersizli\u011fi de nefes darl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bir nedenidir.\u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    Kalp Ritm Bozukluklar\u0131 ve Kardiyomiyopatiler<\/strong> de kalp kaynakl\u0131 nefes darl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n di\u011fer nedenleridirler.\u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    Kalp kaynakl\u0131 nefes darl\u0131\u011f\u0131, hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n seviyesine g\u00f6re ancak ileri egzersizde olu\u015fabilece\u011fi gibi ilerlemi\u015f hastal\u0131kta istirahatteyken bile\u00a0 g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir.\u00a0 Ani ba\u015flayan ileri nefes darl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile birlikte kuru-g\u0131c\u0131k tarz\u0131nda \u015fiddetli \u00f6ks\u00fcr\u00fck ve sonras\u0131nda pembe k\u00f6p\u00fckl\u00fc balgam gelmesi akci\u011ferlerin neredeyse tamam\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131v\u0131 ile doldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir ki bu tabloya \u201cAkci\u011fer \u00d6demi\u201d<\/strong> denir. Akci\u011fer \u00f6demini en iyi tan\u0131mlayan ifade; \u201cinsan\u0131n kendi suyunda bo\u011fulmas\u0131\u201dd\u0131r.\u00a0\u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \"\"<\/h6>\n
    Yatar pozisyondayken geli\u015fen nefes darl\u0131\u011f\u0131 daha \u00e7ok kalp ile ili\u015fkilidir. Beraberinde \u00f6ks\u00fcr\u00fck de vard\u0131r. Gece yatt\u0131ktan 2-3 saat sonra geli\u015fen nefes darl\u0131\u011f\u0131, genellikle kalk\u0131p oturularak d\u00fczelir. Ataklar hafif olabildi\u011fi gibi, h\u0131r\u0131lt\u0131l\u0131 solunum, \u00f6ks\u00fcr\u00fck, \u015fiddetli nefes darl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve beraberinde panikle de g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir. Bazen akci\u011fer \u00f6demine kadar gidebilir. Kalp yetersizli\u011fi olan ki\u015filerde, gece yat\u0131nca merkezi kan hacminin artmas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak geli\u015fir. Bacaklarda g\u00f6llenmi\u015f olan kan da gece merkezi kan sistemine eklenince, zaten s\u0131n\u0131rda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan kalp, yetersizli\u011fe girer.\u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n

    Di\u011fer Nefes Darl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Nedenleri :<\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/h4>\n
    \u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n
    Akci\u011fer Hastal\u0131klar\u0131: Nefes darl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kalp hastal\u0131klar\u0131 ile beraber en s\u0131k nedenleridir Bir\u00e7ok durumda nefes darl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0 hangisinden kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ay\u0131rmak g\u00fc\u00e7 olabilir. Bazen her ikisi birlikte sebeptir. Akci\u011fer enfeksiyonlar\u0131(pn\u00f6moni), kronik bron\u015fit, ast\u0131m, akci\u011fer embolisi, pn\u00f6motoraks, akci\u011fer kanserleri, akci\u011fer zar\u0131 iltihaplar\u0131, sarkoidoz, akci\u011fer hipertansiyonu ve tuberk\u00fcloz nefes darl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n akci\u011ferleri ilgili nedenleri olabilir.\u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    Kan Hastal\u0131klar\u0131 (s\u0131kl\u0131kla anemi), a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 kilo, tiroid hormon bozukluklar\u0131, \u00fcst solunum yolu t\u0131kay\u0131c\u0131 hastal\u0131klar\u0131, baz\u0131 n\u00f6rolojik hastal\u0131klar (myasteni, Gullian-Barre Sendromu), anksiyete (stres) bozukluklar\u0131 da\u00a0 nefes dal\u0131\u011f\u0131 sebepleri aras\u0131ndad\u0131r.\u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    S\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclen ve hastal\u0131k zannedilen bir durum da \u201cbedensel idmans\u0131zl\u0131k\u201dt\u0131r diyebiliriz. Hareketsiz s\u00fcrekli oturarak ya\u015fayan, arabas\u0131n\u0131 i\u015fine ve evine en yak\u0131n noktaya parkeden, metroda-al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f merkezinde y\u00fcr\u00fcyen merdiven s\u0131ras\u0131 bekleyen 21. y\u00fczy\u0131l insan\u0131n\u0131n, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmayan kaslar\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lerini kaybeder ve iki ad\u0131m y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fcnce erkenden yorulur, nefesi daral\u0131r. \u00c7aresi ise y\u00fcr\u00fcmek\u2026.\u00a0<\/h6>\n

    \u00a0<\/h3>\n
    \u00a0<\/div>\n

    \u00c7ARPINTI<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
    \u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
    \u00c7arp\u0131nt\u0131, h\u0131zl\u0131 ya da yava\u015f oldu\u011funa bakmaks\u0131z\u0131n, kalp at\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n rahats\u0131zl\u0131k hissi verecek \u015fekilde hissedilmesidir. Hissedilen rahats\u0131z edici at\u0131mlar her zaman anormal at\u0131mlar de\u011fildir. \u00c7o\u011fu zaman normal at\u0131mlar \u00e7e\u015fitli sebeplerle \u00e7arp\u0131nt\u0131 alg\u0131s\u0131 yaratabilir.\u00a0(Kalbin elektrik sistemini ve nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 buraya t\u0131klayarak okuyabilirsiniz.<\/a>)\u00a0\u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    Kalp kaslar\u0131 sin\u00fcs d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcnden \u00e7\u0131kan d\u00fczenli, ritmik elektrik ak\u0131m\u0131 ile istirahatte iken dakikada 60-100 at\u0131m aras\u0131nda bir h\u0131zla kas\u0131l\u0131r. Egzersizle, heyecan, korku ve streslerle dakikadaki at\u0131m say\u0131s\u0131 150 ve hatta daha \u00fczerine de \u00e7\u0131kabilir. Kalbin bu normal h\u0131zlanmas\u0131 da \u00e7arp\u0131nt\u0131 alg\u0131s\u0131 yaratabilir.\u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00c7arp\u0131nt\u0131n\u0131n en s\u0131k rastlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z sebepleri a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u00f6zetlenmi\u015ftir.\u00a0Kalp at\u0131mlar\u0131 normalden daha h\u0131zl\u0131ysa veya rahats\u0131zl\u0131k verici bir \u015fekilde hissediliyorsa, \u00e7arp\u0131nt\u0131 hissi olu\u015fur. \u00c7arp\u0131nt\u0131, s\u0131kl\u0131kla hi\u00e7bir ciddi kalp hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 olmadan geli\u015fen selim bir belirtidir; fakat bazen ya\u015fam\u0131 tehdit edici bir durum da g\u00f6sterebilir.\u00a0Bazen basit ekstrasistoller(erken at\u0131mlar) g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcste “u\u00e7u\u015fma” veya “g\u00fcmleme” hissi verebilir. Bazen \u00e7arp\u0131nt\u0131lar krizler halinde gelir. Krizler kendili\u011finden ge\u00e7ebildi\u011fi gibi, \u00e7ok uzun s\u00fcrebilir ve tedavi gerektirebilir. \u00c7arp\u0131nt\u0131 hisseden ki\u015fi veya yak\u0131n\u0131 o s\u0131rada nabz\u0131 sayabilir, d\u00fczenli olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na dikkat edebilirse, tan\u0131 koymaya \u00e7ok yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur.\u00a0Nabz\u0131 el bile\u011finin i\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131nda, ba\u015f parmak hizas\u0131nda kolayca bulabiliriz. Bazen, \u00e7arp\u0131nt\u0131ya ba\u011fl\u0131 fenal\u0131k hissi, bayg\u0131nl\u0131k olabilir. Bazen de, altta yatan ciddi bir kalp hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 varl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda geli\u015fen ciddi bir ventrik\u00fcl ta\u015fikardisi, genel durumu bozabilir.\u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00c7arp\u0131nt\u0131, s\u0131kl\u0131kla ciddi bir kalp hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 olmaks\u0131z\u0131n geli\u015fen zarars\u0131z bir belirtidir. Ancak nadiren ya\u015fam\u0131 tehdit eden bir problemin ilk yans\u0131mas\u0131 da olabilir. Bu nedenle \u00e7arp\u0131nt\u0131n\u0131n de\u011ferlendirilmesi ve neye ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011funun tespit edilmesi, \u00f6zellikle \u00f6nem arz edebilecek bir kalp probleminin ekarte edilmesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemlidir.\u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00c7arp\u0131nt\u0131n\u0131n de\u011ferlendirilmesinde en k\u0131ymetli veri, asl\u0131nda tam da o anda al\u0131nan, yani \u00e7arp\u0131nt\u0131n\u0131n var oldu\u011fu \u00e2na denk getirilen bir kalp grafi\u011fidir. Ancak \u00e7o\u011fu zaman, \u00e7arp\u0131nt\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131sa s\u00fcreli olmas\u0131, nadir olmas\u0131 ya da k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede ula\u015f\u0131labilecek bir sa\u011fl\u0131k kurulu\u015funun olmamas\u0131 gibi nedenlerle, bu pek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olamamaktad\u0131r. Bu durumda hekim i\u00e7in en de\u011ferli veri kayna\u011f\u0131, hastan\u0131n \u00e7arp\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 hakk\u0131nda anlatacaklar\u0131d\u0131r.\u00a0Devam etmekte olan bir \u00e7arp\u0131nt\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda alaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bir EKG (elektrokardiyografi=kalp grafisi) bize te\u015fhisi koydurur. Ancak, olmu\u015f ge\u00e7mi\u015f, bir daha ne zaman olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilmedi\u011fimiz bir \u00e7arp\u0131nt\u0131da ise, \u00e7o\u011fu zaman ortada bir kan\u0131t yoktur. Tabiri caizse, ortada faili me\u00e7hul bir durum vard\u0131r ve biz de ipu\u00e7lar\u0131ndan yola \u00e7\u0131karak, sorgulamam\u0131z\u0131 yaparak faile ula\u015fmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan dedektifleriz. Bir dedektif i\u00e7in olay\u0131n yeri,\u00a0 zaman\u0131, olay \u00f6ncesi ve sonras\u0131, olay an\u0131 ne kadar de\u011ferli ise, bizim i\u00e7in de \u00e7arp\u0131nt\u0131n\u0131n hikayesi o kadar de\u011ferlidir.\u00a0Bu nedenle, \u00e7arp\u0131nt\u0131 hissine sebep olan kalp ritminin ne oldu\u011funu ve neden kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmek i\u00e7in baz\u0131 sorular sorar\u0131z.<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    Bu sorular\u0131 burda yazal\u0131m ki, \u201c\u00e7arp\u0131nt\u0131\u201d \u015fikayeti ile bize gelecek olanlar haz\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 gelsinler.\u00a0 \ud83d\ude42\u00a0<\/strong><\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/strong><\/h6>\n
    1.) <\/strong>Hissetti\u011finiz \u00e7arp\u0131nt\u0131y\u0131 nas\u0131l tarif edersiniz?\u00a0Hastalar\u0131m\u0131z \u00e7arp\u0131nt\u0131y\u0131 genellikle \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 \u015fekillerde tarif ederler:<\/h6>\n
    – Kalp at\u0131\u015flar\u0131m\u0131 duyuyorum.<\/h6>\n
    – \u00c7ok kuvvetli at\u0131yor, v\u00fccudumu sall\u0131yor<\/h6>\n
    – Yerinden \u00e7\u0131kacakm\u0131\u015f gibi, kelebek \u00e7\u0131rp\u0131n\u0131r gibi, \u00e7ok h\u0131zl\u0131 at\u0131yor<\/h6>\n
    – Bir heyecan dalgas\u0131, s\u0131cakl\u0131k, bo\u015flu\u011fa d\u00fc\u015fme hissi ve sonras\u0131nda kuvvetli bir vurma, g\u00fcmleme<\/h6>\n
    – Yava\u015f ama kuvvetli at\u0131yor<\/h6>\n
    – D\u00fczensiz at\u0131yor\u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    2.) <\/strong>Ne zaman ? Ne yaparken ? Nas\u0131l bir durumda oluyor? Ve tetikleyen fakt\u00f6rler dikkatinizi \u00e7ekti mi?\u00a0<\/strong>Hi\u00e7 sebepsiz, s\u0131radan bir zamanda, tetikleyici bir fakt\u00f6r olmaks\u0131z\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan \u00e7arp\u0131nt\u0131lar ile genellikle heyecan, stres, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u00e7ay-kahve-alkol al\u0131m\u0131, egzersiz gibi tetikleyici fakt\u00f6rler ile ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan \u00e7arp\u0131nt\u0131lar bize farkl\u0131 durumlar i\u00e7in ipu\u00e7lar\u0131 verirler.\u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    3.) <\/strong>Ne s\u0131kl\u0131kta oluyor? Ne kadar s\u00fcr\u00fcyor ?\u00a0\u00a0\u0130ki-\u00fc\u00e7 saniyelik tekrarlay\u0131c\u0131\u00a0 \u00e7arp\u0131nt\u0131lar olabilece\u011fi gibi s\u00fcrekli \u00e7arp\u0131nt\u0131 hissi de s\u00f6z konusu olabilir.\u00a0\u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    4.)<\/strong> \u00c7arp\u0131nt\u0131 \u00f6ncesinde, s\u0131ras\u0131nda ya da sonras\u0131nda, e\u015flik eden ba\u015fka durumlar dikkatinizi \u00e7ekti mi?\u00a0G\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, nefes darl\u0131\u011f\u0131, terleme, bulant\u0131, kusma, ba\u015fd\u00f6nmesi, bay\u0131lacakm\u0131\u015f gibi olma, ya da bay\u0131lma gibi durumlar\u0131n \u00e7arp\u0131nt\u0131ya e\u015flik ediyor olmas\u0131 ya da olmamas\u0131 bizim i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli ipu\u00e7lar\u0131d\u0131r.\u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    5.)<\/strong> Daha \u00f6nce te\u015fhis edilmi\u015f hastal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131z ve kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z ila\u00e7lar var m\u0131?\u00a0Anemi, tiroid hormon bozukluklar\u0131, akci\u011fer hastal\u0131klar\u0131 ve psikiyatrik hastal\u0131klar\u00a0 ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere baz\u0131 hastal\u0131klar ve bazen de\u00a0 bunlar i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan ila\u00e7lar \u00e7arp\u0131nt\u0131n\u0131n sebebi-tetikleyicisi ya da \u015fiddetlendiricisi olabilirler.\u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    6.) Al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131z var m\u0131?\u00a0\u00c7ay, kahve, me\u015frubat,\u00a0 sigara, alkol, madde kullan\u0131m\u0131\u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    7.) \u00c7arp\u0131nt\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda ( genellikle 2-3 dk\u2019y\u0131 a\u015fan s\u00fcrelerdeki \u00e7arp\u0131nt\u0131larda) nabz\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 sayd\u0131n\u0131z m\u0131 ? Tansiyonunuzu \u00f6l\u00e7t\u00fcn\u00fcz m\u00fc?\u00a0Tam \u00e7arp\u0131nt\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda, \u00e7arp\u0131nt\u0131y\u0131 hisseden ki\u015fi ya da yak\u0131n\u0131, nab\u0131z say\u0131m\u0131 yaparsa ya da elektronik bir tansiyon aleti ile nabz\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7erse veya \u015fimdi baz\u0131 ak\u0131ll\u0131 telefonlar\u0131n mevcut aplikasyonlar\u0131yla EKG kayd\u0131 al\u0131rsa bize tan\u0131 koymada ciddi bir ipucu\u00a0 vermi\u015f olur.<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n

    \"\"<\/p>\n

    \"\"\"\"<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    Nab\u0131z resimlerden de g\u00f6rebilece\u011finiz \u00fczere, el bile\u011finden, koldan ya da boyun b\u00f6lgesinde \u015fahdamar\u0131m\u0131z \u00fczerinden say\u0131labilir. Tansiyon aleti ile yap\u0131lan say\u0131mlar ayn\u0131 zamanda o s\u0131radaki tansiyon de\u011ferini de bilmemizi sa\u011flar.\u00a0\u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    Evet bu ve benzeri sorulara ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z cevaplar ile bazen ba\u015fka bir tetkike gerek kalmadan da olay\u0131n ne oldu\u011funu kuvvetle tahmin edebilmekteyiz. Ancak tabiki kuvvetli bile olsa tahminlerle hareket edemeyece\u011fimiz i\u00e7in, tan\u0131y\u0131 kesinle\u015ftirici ad\u0131mlar\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131yla atar\u0131z. Fizik Muayene, elektrokardiyografi, ekokardiyografi, ritm holter, olay kaydediciler ve son y\u0131llarda ise giyilebilir teknolojiler (ak\u0131ll\u0131 saatler) \u00e7arp\u0131nt\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmesinde ba\u015fvurdu\u011fumuz di\u011fer ad\u0131mlard\u0131r.\u00a0Yukardaki sorulara \u201c\u015fu \u015fekilde cevap vermi\u015fseniz, \u00e7arp\u0131nt\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n nedeni \u015fudur\u201d \u015feklinde bilgilendirmeler, bu makalenin konusu de\u011fildir elbette. Te\u015fhis s\u00fcreci, her zaman oldu\u011fu gibi hasta ve hekimin y\u00fcz y\u00fcze ileti\u015fimi ba\u015flamal\u0131d\u0131r.\u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n

    BAYILMA (SENKOP)<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    SENKOP terimi her ne kadar T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019ye \u201cBAYILMA\u201d olarak \u00e7evrilirse de literat\u00fcrdeki anlam\u0131 asl\u0131nda biraz farkl\u0131d\u0131r. Kabaca \u201cbay\u0131lma\u201dn\u0131n ya da \u201cge\u00e7ici bilin\u00e7 kayb\u0131n\u0131n\u201d\u00a0 bir t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr diyebiliriz .\u00a0\u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u201cBay\u0131lma\u201d dedi\u011fimizde her t\u00fcrl\u00fc ge\u00e7ici bilin\u00e7 kayb\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131labilmektedir.\u00a0\u00a0Oysa SENKOP ; \u201cani-h\u0131zl\u0131 ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7l\u0131, k\u0131sa s\u00fcreli, kendili\u011finden tam iyile\u015fen, beyin kan ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7ici olarak azalmas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131\u00a0 ge\u00e7ici bilin\u00e7 kayb\u0131\u201d olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131r.\u00a0\u00a0Bu tan\u0131mlamaya g\u00f6re \u00f6rne\u011fin sara n\u00f6betleri, psikolojik bay\u0131lmalar (konversiyon, histeri), hipoglisemiye (kan \u015fekeri d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne) ba\u011fl\u0131 bilin\u00e7 kay\u0131plar\u0131 \u201cbay\u0131lma\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131labilirken, mekanizmalar\u0131\u00a0 \u201cbeyin kan ak\u0131m\u0131 azalmas\u0131\u201d olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan \u201csenkop\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lamazlar.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Bu durumda senkop nedenleri ile kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilecek di\u011fer durumlar hekim taraf\u0131ndan ay\u0131rdedilmelidir.\u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    Senkop ile kar\u0131\u015fabilecek di\u011fer durumlar :\u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    Beyin Kan Ak\u0131m\u0131 Azalmas\u0131 Olmaks\u0131z\u0131n K\u0131smi ya da Tam Bilin\u00e7 Kayb\u0131 Durumlar\u0131:<\/h6>\n
    Epilepsi,<\/h6>\n
    Metabolik bozukluklar,<\/h6>\n
    Hipoglisemi (Kan \u015feker d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc),<\/h6>\n
    Hiperventilasyon (H\u0131zl\u0131\/derin nefes sonucu, kanda de\u011fi\u015fiklikler),<\/h6>\n
    Hipoksi (Kandaki oksijen miktar\u0131n\u0131n azalmas\u0131)<\/h6>\n
    Zehirlenmeler,<\/h6>\n
    Vertebrobaziller kaynakl\u0131 ge\u00e7ici iskemik atak\u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    Bilin\u00e7 Bozuklu\u011fu Olmaks\u0131z\u0131n G\u00f6r\u00fclen Durumlar:<\/h6>\n
    Psikolojik bay\u0131lmalar (Pseudosenkop =Yalanc\u0131 senkop)<\/h6>\n
    D\u00fc\u015fmeler, d\u00fc\u015fme ataklar\u0131,<\/h6>\n
    Katalepsi,<\/h6>\n
    Karotis (boyun damar) kaynakl\u0131 ge\u00e7ici iskemik atak.<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    Aynen \u201c\u00e7arp\u0131nt\u0131\u201dy\u0131 anlat\u0131rken bahsetti\u011fimiz gibi olmu\u015f ge\u00e7mi\u015f, bir daha ne zaman olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilmedi\u011fimiz bir senkop ata\u011f\u0131nda, \u00e7o\u011fu zaman ortada bir kan\u0131t yoktur. Tabiri caizse, ortada faili me\u00e7hul bir durum vard\u0131r ve biz de ipu\u00e7lar\u0131ndan yola \u00e7\u0131karak, sorgulamam\u0131z\u0131 yaparak faile ula\u015fmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan dedektifleriz. Bir dedektif i\u00e7in olay\u0131n yeri,\u00a0 zaman\u0131, olay \u00f6ncesi ve sonras\u0131, olay an\u0131 ne kadar de\u011ferli ise, bizim i\u00e7in de senkop\u2019un hikayesi o kadar de\u011ferlidir.\u00a0\u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    Senkopta hasta, bilincini kaybetti\u011fi andan sonraki durumunu bilemeyece\u011finden, o anda yan\u0131nda bulunanlar\u0131n g\u00f6zlemleri ve anlatt\u0131klar\u0131 da en az hastan\u0131n anlatt\u0131klar\u0131 kadar de\u011ferlidir. Bu nedenle senkop \u015fikayeti ile bize gelecek olanlar\u0131n, varsa \u015fahitleri de yanlar\u0131nda getirmeleri ya da \u015fahitlerin anlatt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 bize eksiksiz anlatmalar\u0131 te\u015fhise giden yolda \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r.\u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    Senkop nedenini de\u011ferlendirmek i\u00e7in sordu\u011fumuz sorular\u0131 yine burda yazal\u0131m ki, bu \u015fikayet ile bize gelecek olanlar\u00a0 haz\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 gelsinler.\u00a0 \ud83d\ude42\u00a0<\/strong><\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/strong><\/h6>\n
    1.) Senkop ata\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6ncesinin sorgulanmas\u0131:<\/strong><\/h6>\n
    Pozisyon ? Senkop \u00f6ncesi hangi pozisyona idiniz? Ayakta, otururken ya da s\u0131rt\u00fcst\u00fc yatarken\u2026<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    Aktivite ? Senkop ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi anda tam olarak ne yap\u0131yordunuz? Senkop\u2019un, istirahatte, v\u00fccut pozisyon de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi s\u0131ras\u0131nda, egzersiz, idrar, defekasyon, \u00f6ks\u00fcr\u00fck \u00f6ncesi ya da sonras\u0131nda\u2026<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    Haz\u0131rlay\u0131c\u0131 ya da Tetikleyici Fakt\u00f6rler ? Kalabal\u0131k ve s\u0131cak yerler, kapal\u0131 ve dar ortam, stres, uzun s\u00fcreli ayakta durma, yemek sonras\u0131, korku,stres, ba\u015f hareketleri\u2026<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    Atak ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fclen durumlar ? Bulant\u0131, kusma, kar\u0131n a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, guruldama, \u00fc\u015f\u00fcme hissi, terleme, boyun ve omuzlarda a\u011fr\u0131, g\u00f6rmede bulan\u0131kl\u0131k, ba\u015f d\u00f6nmesi, \u00e7arp\u0131nt\u0131\u2026\u00a0\u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    2.) Senkop Ata\u011f\u0131n\u0131n Sorgulanmas\u0131:<\/strong> D\u00fc\u015fme \u015fekli (devrilmek veya dizlerinin \u00fczerine y\u0131\u011f\u0131lmak),\u00a0cilt rengi (solgun, siyan\u00f6z, k\u0131zar\u0131kl\u0131k),\u00a0bilin\u00e7 kayb\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcresi,\u00a0nefes alma \u015fekli (horlama),\u00a0hareketler (kas\u0131lma), ve hareketlerin s\u00fcresi, dili \u0131s\u0131rma, idrar ka\u00e7\u0131rma, o anda \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclebilmi\u015fse tansiyon ve nab\u0131z de\u011ferleri, atak s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    3.) Hastan\u0131n \u00d6yk\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn Sorgulanmas\u0131:<\/strong>\u00a0Ailede ani \u00f6l\u00fcm, konjenital aritmojenik kalp hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya bay\u0131lma \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fc,\u00a0ge\u00e7irilmi\u015f kalp hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131, n\u00f6rolojik \u00f6yk\u00fc (Parkinson, epilepsi, narkolepsi),\u00a0metabolik bozukluklar (diyabet, tiroid hastal\u0131kalr\u0131 vs.),\u00a0ila\u00e7lar (antihipertansif, antianjinal, antidepresan, antiaritmik, idrar s\u00f6k\u00fcc\u00fcler) ve alkol-sigara-madde kullan\u0131m\u0131 gibi al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar.\u00a0<\/span><\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/span><\/h6>\n
    Bu sorular\u0131n sorulmas\u0131 ile yap\u0131lan ilk de\u011ferlendirme sonras\u0131nda senkop\u2019un neye ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu konusunda kuvvetli fikirler elde edilebilir. Ancak \u00e7o\u011fu zaman tetkiklere ve farkl\u0131 bran\u015flar\u0131n de\u011ferlendirmesine de ihtiya\u00e7 olur.\u00a0\u00a0Bay\u0131lma-ge\u00e7ici bilin\u00e7 kayb\u0131 ile hastaneye ba\u015fvuran\u00a0 hastay\u0131 genellikle kardiyoloji, n\u00f6roloji ya da bazen psikiyatri b\u00f6l\u00fcmleri de\u011ferlendirir. \u0130lk de\u011ferlendirme sonras\u0131 bilin\u00e7 kayb\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ek bir senkop olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferlendirilir, en muhtemel sebepleri ortaya konur, tan\u0131y\u0131 do\u011frulamak ya da ekartasyon i\u00e7in tetkikler yap\u0131l\u0131r.\u00a0\u00a0Senkop de\u011ferlendirmesinde; EKG, Ekokardiyografi, Efor testi, Ritm Holter, k\u0131sa ya da uzun s\u00fcreli olay kaydediciler (Event Recorder), E\u011fik Masa (Tilt-Table) testi ve n\u00f6rolojik baz\u0131 testlere (EEG, beyin tomografisi ya da MR\u2019\u0131) ba\u015fvurulabilir.\u00a0\u00a0<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n
    D\u0130\u011eER SEMPTOMLAR:\u00a0<\/strong><\/h6>\n
    Bacaklarda \u015ei\u015fme, Morarma (Siyanoz), \u00d6ks\u00fcr\u00fck, Ba\u015f Ve Ense A\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131, Bacak A\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131 (Klodikasyo)<\/h6>\n
    \u00a0<\/h6>\n

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    \u00a0 KALP HASTALIKLARINDA BEL\u0130RT\u0130LER-\u015e\u0130KAYETLER \u00a0 \u201cKalp-Damar Hastal\u0131klar\u0131na Genel Bak\u0131\u015f\u201d adl\u0131 yaz\u0131m\u0131zda da belirtti\u011fim gibi, kalp-damar hastal\u0131klar\u0131 d\u00fcnya \u00fczerindeki t\u00fcm \u00f6l\u00fcmlerin bir numaral\u0131 sebebidir. Sadece \u00f6l\u00fcmlerin de\u011fil, ya\u015fam kalitesini k\u0131s\u0131tlayan sebeplerin de ba\u015f\u0131nda gelir. Kalp hastal\u0131klar\u0131 m\u00e2lesef kronik ilereyici hastal\u0131klard\u0131r ve olu\u015ftu\u011funda \u00e7o\u011fu zaman geriye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f yoktur.\u00a0\u00a0Bu nedenle hastal\u0131\u011fa g\u00f6t\u00fcrebilecek risk fakt\u00f6rlerini bilmek, bu fakt\u00f6rleri ortadan […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8091,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[36],"tags":[108,77,107,109,79,81,78,75,35,76,110,80],"class_list":["post-6940","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kalp-sagligi","tag-angina-pectoris","tag-anjina","tag-anjina-pektoris","tag-bayilma","tag-carpinti","tag-dispne","tag-gogus-agrisi","tag-kalp","tag-kardiyoloji","tag-nefes-darligi","tag-senkop","tag-tasikardi"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/drhasankasap.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6940","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/drhasankasap.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/drhasankasap.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/drhasankasap.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/drhasankasap.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6940"}],"version-history":[{"count":98,"href":"https:\/\/drhasankasap.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6940\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8974,"href":"https:\/\/drhasankasap.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6940\/revisions\/8974"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/drhasankasap.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8091"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/drhasankasap.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6940"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/drhasankasap.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6940"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/drhasankasap.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6940"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}